China's Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) introduced interim provisions on Sept. 1 specifying penalties for 64 types of scientific research violations. As the first ministerial decree issued by the restructured MOST, the provisions reflect the seriousness and authority of the ministry's work in enhancing the country's scientific research capacity.

The move adopts a zero-tolerance approach with the aim of setting boundaries and curbing violations, so as to foster a sound scientific research ecosystem featuring honesty and integrity, explained Dai Guoqing, an official with the MOST, at a press conference held the same day.

A total of 10 countermeasures have been proposed to handle the 64 types of violations in six categories which cover entrusted management institutions, research institutions, researchers, and consulting and review experts.

The provisions are aimed at eradicating favoritism during the review process. They will also reduce direct intervention by entrusted management institutions in scientific research, forbidding any behavior toward reviewers which may lead to biased results.

The provisions also encourage scientific institutions, universities, enterprises and non-governmental organizations to take responsibility for strengthening research ethics, improving academic practices, and preventing scientific research violations.

Dai noted that the provisions fill the gaps in the handling of scientific research violations, and provide uniform criteria and procedures accordingly. While increasing punishments against violators, the provisions improve the system of checks and supervision for scientific research authorities.

In addition, the provisions also ensure resolute action against deliberate violations.

Various punishments have been included in the outlined countermeasures, such as termination and cancellation of financial support, and the recovery of illegally obtained income.

Those found to have committed severe violations or caused fiscal losses will be disqualified from managing, undertaking and participating in scientific research for a set period of time.

Dai added that the MOST would impose stronger punishments for serious violations.

（You can also read it at: http://www.china.org.cn/china/2020-09/08/content_76682472.htm）